The Standard Model treats six quark masses as free parameters with no internal explanation. This paper proposes a framework deriving all six quark masses from five inputs based on binary icosahedral group patterns and algebraic theorems.
The Standard Model treats six quark masses as free parameters with no internal explanation. This paper proposes a framework deriving all six quark masses from five inputs based on binary icosahedral group patterns and algebraic theorems. The down-type sector matches experimental data at the per-mille level, while predictions for the up-type sector could resolve a decade-long V_ub tension. A unified algebraic identity connects quarks and leptons across families. Six testable predictions with explicit deadlines span PDG 2026, PDG 2028, and LHC Run 3, with clear falsification conditions.