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Particle Physics

Selecting the Koide Phase

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.18762599
Read full paper on Zenodo →

The Koide formula relates the three charged lepton masses through the relation Q = (Σ√mᵢ)²/(3Σmᵢ) = 2/3. The phase angle δ in the Koide parametrisation determines the ratios between the masses. This paper proves that cos(δ) = −19/28 is uniquely selected — not a free parameter. The selection uses a q ≤ 50 rational scan under the constraints Q_n = 1/φ² and positivity of all three masses. Among 1,266 tested alternatives, cos(δ) = −19/28 is the unique solution consistent with the self-referential structure of the axiom. Four theorems are proved.

\[ \cos\delta = -\frac{19}{28} \quad \text{uniquely selected} \quad (0.021\%) \]
Key Result
Koide phase uniquely selected — four theorems, zero free parameters
Precision
Lepton masses to 0.021% total