One axiom  ·  All of physics

Pentagon
Physics

A unified programme in theoretical physics
σ = 1/(1+σ)
σ = 1/(1+σ) → φ = (1+√5)/2 → ℚ(√5) → 600-cell
→ discriminant filter → two forces → seven parameters
→ α⁻¹ = 137.036 → c → E = mc²
What Is Pentagon Physics? START HERE
Eric McLean · Independent Researcher, Edinburgh · ORCID 0009-0009-6175-4408 · 110 papers on Zenodo
The Axiom

One equation. No free parameters.

109
Papers published
26
SM parameters derived
0
Free parameters
1
Axiom

Pentagon Physics is a theoretical physics programme with a single founding claim: all Standard Model parameters and fundamental constants are theorems of the self-referential equation σ = 1/(1+σ), which has one positive solution — φ = (1+√5)/2.

The equation is the only self-referential equation with no free parameters. Any other coefficient introduces a free parameter and breaks uniqueness. The equation specifies itself. Everything else follows by algebraic necessity.

σ = 1/(1+σ)
discriminant 5
ℚ(√5)
automorphism √5→−√5
600-cell spectrum
Δ = φ²−λ/3
2 forces · 7 constants
α⁻¹ = 137.036 · E = mc²

The geometric object forced by the axiom is the 600-cell — a regular polytope in four dimensions with 120 vertices and the binary icosahedral group 2I as its symmetry group. Its adjacency matrix has nine distinct eigenvalues, all in ℚ(√5). A discriminant condition selects exactly two propagating modes (gravity and electromagnetism) and freezes seven as Standard Model parameters.

Derived Constants

What has been proved

Each result below has zero free parameters. Every coefficient is forced by the spectral geometry of the 600-cell or the algebraic structure of ℚ(√5). None are fitted to observation.

Fine Structure Constant

α⁻¹ = 360/φ² − 2/φ³ + 3⁻⁵/φ⁵ + 7⁻⁷/φ⁷
φ-exponents are the first four primes. All coefficients composed of primes. No free choices after the axiom.
137.035999207 · matches Morel 2020 to 0.05σ

Gravitational Constant

α_G = α¹⁸ × 12/7
Gravity as confinement leakage through 102 unused 600-cell vertices across 18 eigenmode layers. Zero gravitational input.
Agrees to 0.05%

Cosmological Constant

log₁₀(ρ_Λ) = −(α⁻¹ × 2/√5 + φ⁻²)
The 10¹²³ hierarchy is a theorem of the same geometry as α. One line. No tuning.
−122.951 · observed −122.945

Proton–Electron Mass Ratio

m_p/m_e = 6π⁵ + π⁵/[φ⁷(π⁵−1)]
φ = 2cos(π/5) connects φ to π through pentagon geometry — forced, not chosen.
Agreement to 0.005 ppm

Two Long-Range Forces

Δ = φ² − λ/3 · threshold λ* = 3φ²
Exactly two propagating modes from the 600-cell spectrum. EM discriminant = −φ⁻¹ = −σ, the axiom's own fixed point.
Gravity + electromagnetism · forced, not chosen

Nuclear Binding Peak at Iron

b² + b = Σλ⁺(A)/A · fixed point b = σ
Iron-56 is where b ≈ σ. Bethe-Weizsäcker's five fitted terms approximate this single function.
RMS agreement 0.11% · zero free parameters

Lepton Masses (Koide)

Q = 2/3 · cos(δ) = −19/28
Three generations uniquely selected. Koide phase forced by the self-referential structure of the axiom.
Masses to 0.021% · 0 free parameters

Neutrino Sector

Q(ν) = σ² = 1/φ² · Σm = 74.65 meV
All seven neutrino parameters derived. Majorana character proved from character table of 2I.
sin²θ₁₃ = 1/45 · sin²θ₁₂ = 2φ⁴/45

Stellar Fusion Efficiency

η = (φ−1)/φ³ = 0.937%
The efficiency of stellar fusion is a theorem. Stars die at iron because the axiom's fixed point is there.
Agrees with observed pp-chain efficiency
Publications

Complete paper catalogue  ·  110 papers

All papers are open-access preprints on Zenodo, each carrying explicit kill conditions and zero free parameters. Click any DOI to read.

May 2026  ·  3 papers
20080431
20063117
20047458
April 2026  ·  26 papers
19917820
19875305
19849388
19828781
19816713
19795164
19787763
19766664
19705712
19666669
19653779
19631647
19629725
19625431
19605364
19581839
19571686
19557759
19533587
19512740
19510798
19452207
19438769
19420169
19402611
19365448
March 2026  ·  46 papers
19330871
19327153
19320018
19277828
19263439
19250797
19233350
19223786
19161724
19161545
19151933
19147058
19135102
19125869
19115512
19109667
19109094
19100930
19099370
19087224
19072188
19035362
19033377
19029059
19022248
19019737
19016122
19003856
18988843
18985777
18977128
18976782
18940370
18936715
18923820
18923674
18921813
18912877
18912388
18904887
18903481
18901979
18898322
18848339
18838751
18825541
February 2026  ·  25 papers
19681273
18804690
18767628
18762599
18762423
18760997
18756247
18755516
18732889
18727029
18717070
18716359
18716271
18680907
18679529
18669206
18651622
18648550
18647375
18632291
18625127
18624807
18624752
18624607
18504626
January 2026  ·  10 papers
18430024
18427928
18421638
18421418
18402430
18380533
18370223
18354655
18348623
18315847
Contact

Eric McLean

Independent Researcher, Edinburgh. Enquiries regarding Pentagon Physics, collaboration, or the technical papers are welcome.

Email

eric@tcel.com
Technical enquiries and correspondence.

ORCID

0009-0009-6175-4408

All 109 Papers

Zenodo open access
Pentagon Physics · Eric McLean · Edinburgh, Scotland · 110 papers · All open access · CC BY 4.0